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柏林的鸟:自1850年以来,城市公园"Tiergarten"的社区和工会的变化

Esther Sophie Felgentreff¹, Nadja Pernat², Sascha Buchholz²

¹Department of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena Germany.

Ecology and evolution

|May 28, 2024

概括

城市鸟类的多样性在柏林仍然很高.

科学领域:

城市生态学和鸟类学
长期生态监测长期生态监测
在城市环境中保护生物多样性.

背景情况:

城市化对鸟类种群产生重大影响,需要对分类学和功能多样性的研究.
城市公园的长期鸟类多样性数据很少,这限制了对历史变化的理解.
柏林的Tiergarten是一个大型城市公园,为历史生态研究提供了独特的机会.

研究的目的:

调查从1850年到2022年,柏林的Tiergarten鸟类社区和协会的长期变化.
分析历史植被变化如何影响鸟类物种组合和功能多样性.
评估鸟类群落的功能同质化,以应对城市化和公园历史.

主要方法:

编制的历史鸟类物种名单 (1850年以来) 和最近的监测数据 (2022年).
利用排序分析来研究物种组合的长期变化.
分析了息地,生活方式, trofhic 和迁移协会的变化,以评估功能多样性.

主要成果:

检测到物种组合的逐渐变化,但自1850年以来的协会组成稳定.
观察到物种丰富度的显著下降以及大约1950年左右从森林转向开放土地物种的转变,与第二次世界大战的森林砍伐有关.
在172年来,尽管人类活动,但在鸟群中没有发现功能同质化的证据.

结论:

尽管城市化,但Tiergarten的大小和息地异质性维持了高鸟类多样性.
保持公园规模和植被多样性对于保护城市鸟类生物多样性至关重要.
城市公园可以支持丰富的鸟类社区,为城市规划和保护提供宝贵的教训.

关键词:

生物多样性生物多样性社区生态社区生态学功能多样性的功能多样性.长期研究是长期研究.鸟类学鸟类学是一门学科.城市生态学城市生态学

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