确定患有精神病临床高风险的年轻人:印度的一项基于社区的研究
Sai Krishna Tikka1, Barikar C Malathesh1, Mamidipalli Sai Spoorthy1
1Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
Early intervention in psychiatry
|May 28, 2024
概括
这项研究验证了一种两阶段查方法,用于识别印度临床高危精神病 (CHR-P) 的年轻人. PRIME Screen-Revised (PS-R) 显示了高准确度,证实了其在社区环境中早期发现精神病的实用性.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理健康 心理健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 识别患有精神病临床高风险的个体 (CHR-P) 对于早期干预至关重要.
- 对于社区样本,建议采用两阶段选过程 (自我报告,然后进行结构化采访).
研究的目的:
- 通过两阶段的方法,对印度的社区青年样本进行CHR-P选.
- 评估自我报告指标 (PRIME Screen-Revised,PS-R) 的一致有效性.
- 评估心理转变的两阶段方法的预测有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个概率样本2025年青少年 (15-24岁) 从农村和城市Telangana,印度招募.
- 泰国语版本的PS-R被用于初始查,随后是针对精神病风险综合征 (SIPS) 的结构化面试,用于积极的查.
- 对CHR-P阳性和阴性队列进行了15个月的随访,以了解过渡到精神病的情况.
主要成果:
- 110名个人在PS-R检查中呈阳性.
- 在SIPS评估的67名个人中,有62人 (92.54%) 确诊为CHR-P阳性.
- PS-R显示了98.41%的灵敏度和90.74%的特异性.
- 三名CHR-P阳性参与者在15个月内过渡到精神病,精神病过渡的危险率为11.4.
结论:
- 在Telangana的社区青年样本中,PS-R表现出最佳的查准确性.
- 这种两阶段查方法在社区环境中识别患有精神病风险的个体方面表现出良好的预测有效性.
相关概念视频
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
83
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
83
01:27Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
30
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
30
01:28Conduct Disorder
31
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
31
01:22Case Studies
11.6K
There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
11.6K
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
55
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
55
01:17Schizophrenia
75
Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
75