揭开患病率:警告不要夸大黑人自闭症青少年最近缩小的差距
Danai Kasambira Fannin1,2, Ed-Dee G Williams3, Marcus Fuller4
1Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
概括
虽然黑人和白人青年之间的自闭症诊断率正在缩小,但转诊和服务的差异仍然存在. 需要进一步的研究来解决自闭症护理中的这些持续的不平等问题.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 自闭症和发育障碍监测 (ADDM) 网络的最新数据显示,黑人和白人年轻人之间的自闭症诊断差距正在缩小.
- 这种缩小归因于提高了查,意识和获得服务的机会.
- 然而,在黑人自闭症儿童的转诊,早期干预,教育安置和识别共同发生的疾病方面,差异仍然存在.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地检查断言,缩小自闭症诊断差距意味着为服务不足的群体提供更好的服务.
- 突出黑人自闭症儿童在照顾和教育经验中的持续差异.
- 提出解决自闭症服务中这些持续不平等问题的策略.
主要方法:
- 从CDC的ADDM网络2020流行报告中分析最近的发现.
- 对自闭症识别,干预和黑人青年教育服务的差异现有文献的审查.
- 评论和综合发现,以评估改善服务获取的要求.
主要成果:
- 虽然自闭症患病率正在趋同,但黑人青少年仍以低于白人青少年的速度被转诊接受评估和早期干预.
- 黑人自闭症儿童面临着不同的教育安排,通常是在具有非特定服务和有限增强性沟通支持的限制性环境中.
- 在识别同时出现的智力障碍方面存在显著差异,黑人自闭症儿童的发病率更高.
结论:
- 缩小自闭症诊断差距并不能完全反映黑人年轻人获得全面服务的改善.
- 在转诊,干预,教育环境和同时出现的疾病识别方面的持续差异需要紧急关注.
- 系统性变化和有针对性的策略是必要的,以实现所有儿童平等的自闭症护理.
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