实际功能评估和基于技能的治疗的长期有效性和普遍性
Jessica D Slaton1, Morgan Davis1, David A DePetris1
1Nashoba Learning Group, Bedford, MA, USA.
Journal of applied behavior analysis
|May 28, 2024
概括
功能性沟通训练 (FCT) 有效地减少了自闭症儿童的挑战性行为. 这种方法导致治疗后一年的持久积极效果,消除了危机干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 行为科学是一种行为科学.
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 特殊教育 特殊教育
背景情况:
- 自闭症儿童的挑战性行为往往需要专门的干预.
- 功能性沟通培训 (FCT) 是一个有前途的方法,但需要有效的实施策略.
- 在自然环境中长期维持和普遍化FCT效应仍然是一个挑战.
研究的目的:
- 使用FCT实施和评估功能评估和基于技能的治疗过程.
- 实现显著而持久的减少自闭症儿童具有挑战性的行为.
- 评估治疗效果的长期维持和消除危机程序.
主要方法:
- 对六名患有自闭症的儿童进行了功能评估和基于技能的治疗方法.
- 干预的重点是通过功能性沟通培训来减少具有挑战性的行为.
- 治疗延长,以确保在员工和环境中挑战性行为的水平接近零.
主要成果:
- 对于所有参与者来说,挑战性行为在多个员工和设置中减少到接近零的水平.
- 随访数据证实,治疗效果在干预后一年保持.
- 对所有参与者来说,危机程序的使用,包括身体克制,都被取消了.
结论:
- 功能性沟通培训,当与功能评估和技能建设一起系统地实施时,是非常有效的.
- 这种方法证明了效应的长期维持和学校环境中具有挑战性的行为显著减少.
- 这些发现支持广泛采用FCT用于自闭症儿童,这些儿童表现出具有挑战性的行为.
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