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社会竞争推动了集体行动,以减少乌干达的非正式垃圾焚烧
Mark T Buntaine1, Polycarp Komakech1, Shiran Victoria Shen2
1Bren School of Environmental Science & Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117.
概括
乌干达的社会竞争使家庭垃圾燃烧减少了24%,改善了城市空气质量. 这种低成本策略有效地鼓励集体行动和领导环境行为改变.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 城市空气质量是全球南方的一个关键问题,受到非正式的家庭垃圾焚烧的重大影响.
- 解决这种污染需要改善正式的废物处理系统和居民行为改变.
研究的目的:
- 评估社会竞争作为减少非正式家庭垃圾焚烧的干预措施的有效性.
- 评估竞争对社区领导力和集体行动的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验在乌干达南萨纳 (Nansana) 的44个社区进行.
- 22个社区 (接受治疗的群体) 参与了8个月的社交竞赛,以减少废物燃烧,并开展公共卫生运动.
- 控制区仅接收了公共卫生运动.
主要成果:
- 与对照社区相比,经过处理的社区在垃圾焚烧方面减少了24%.
- 在竞争期间结束后,没有发现反弹效应的证据.
- 接受治疗的社区的社区领导人报告说,协调力度增加和社区自豪感.
结论:
- 社会竞争可以是一个有效的,低成本的策略,动员领导和集体行动,改变环境行为.
- 这种方法显示出应对需要广泛参与的复杂政策挑战的前景.
- 促进领导焦点的干预措施可以推动城市空气质量的显著改善.
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