增长激素释放激素及其受体的功能性特征在两虫中,这意味着下丘脑-垂体轴的起源
Mengmeng Yi1, Xiaohan Ji1, Chaoyi Chen2
1Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity (Ministry of Education) and Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
General and comparative endocrinology
|May 28, 2024
概括
一项对羊的研究显示,两种生长激素释放 (BjGHRH-1,BjGHRH-2) 和它们的受体 (BjGHRHR) 激活了一个类似生长激素的基因. 这表明类似于脊椎动物的GHRH-GHRHR轴在进化早期出现.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 增长激素释放激素 (GHRH) 和它的受体 (GHRHR) 系统调节脊椎动物的生长激素 (GH) 生产.
- GHRH和GHRHR在前状动物 (如两状动物) 中的功能性作用尚不清楚.
- 在两动物中研究这种系统可以提供对早期脊椎动物进化的见解.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征GHRH和GHRHRH在AmphioxusBranchiostoma japonicum中.
- 为了研究Amphioxus GHRH和它们的受体之间的功能相互作用.
- 为了确定两动物的GHRH-GHRHR系统是否影响GH类基因表达.
主要方法:
- 使用分子生物学技术识别和蛋白质.
- 在各种两动物组织中对基因表达的分析.
- 在体外功能测试以评估受体相互作用和信号通路激活 (cAMP/PKA).
- 在GHRH刺激后对GH类基因表达的分析.
主要成果:
- 在B. japonicum中发现了两个成熟的GHRH (BjGHRH-1,BjGHRH-2) 和一个GHRHR.
- BjGHRH和BjGHRHR基因在类似于脊椎动物的两状组织中表达广泛.
- BjGHRH-1和BjGHRH-2以剂量依赖的方式激活了BjGHRHR和cAMP/PKA通路.
- 这两种BjGHRH都在Hatschek的坑细胞中刺激了类似GH的基因表达.
结论:
- 一个功能性的,类似于脊椎动物的GHRH-GHRHR轴在amphioxus中存在.
- 这种早期出现的GHRH-GHRHR系统代表了一个关键的进化创新.
- 这种系统可能使得生理分歧对于脊椎动物早期适应至关重要,包括繁殖,生长,新陈代谢和度调节.
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