自杀预防计划:比较四个突出的框架
Bryann DeBeer1, Joseph Mignogna1, Margaret Talbot1
1Rocky Mountain Mental Illness, Research, Education and Clinical Center for Suicide Prevention, Eastern Colorado Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System, Aurora (DeBeer, Mignogna, Talbot, Russell, Monteith, Hoffmire); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (DeBeer, Mignogna, Russell, Hoffmire) and Department of Psychiatry (Monteith), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora; Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs (Talbot); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, VA Central Office, Washington, D.C. (Villarreal); Division of Prevention and Community Research, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Mohatt); Booz Allen Hamilton, Arlington, Virginia (Mohatt); Steve Hicks School of Social Work and Dell Medical School (Borah) and Department of Psychiatry (Benzer), University of Texas at Austin, Austin; College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, and VA Veterans Integrated Services Network (VISN) 2 Center of Excellence, New York City (Bryan); VA VISN 17 Clinical Resource Hub, VA Texas Valley Coastal Bend Healthcare System, Harlingen (Bongiovanni); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Research and Development Service, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio (Peterson); Suicide Prevention Center of New York, Albany, and Zero Suicide Institute, Education Development Center, Waltham, Massachusetts (Heise); Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston (Baack); Central Texas VA Health Care System, Temple (Weinberg); VA Portland Healthcare System, Portland, Oregon (Polk); VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, Texas (Benzer).
自杀预防计划的全面性各不相同. 美国退伍军人事务部的计划是最完整的,但没有一个框架包括了所有必要的自杀预防组件. 发现可以指导程序开发.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 项目评价 项目评价
背景情况:
- 自杀仍然是一个关键的全球公共卫生问题,死亡率很高.
- 现有的自杀预防框架缺乏全面的比较和组件分类.
- 有效的自杀预防策略需要持续的程序开发和评估.
研究的目的:
- 为了全面性,比较主要的自杀预防框架.
- 将已识别的自杀预防计划的组成部分分类.
- 为自杀预防倡议的发展和改进提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项叙事文献审查确定了四个关键的自杀预防框架.
- 程序组件使用国家医学院 (NAM) 连续护理模型和药物滥用和心理健康服务管理局 (SAMHSA) 预防模型进行分类.
- 基于其组件的全面性和分类,将框架进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 没有一个单一的自杀预防计划涵盖了所有组成部分.
- 美国退伍军人事务部 (VA) 自杀预防计划表现出最高的全面性.
- 项目很少使用与NAM的推广/选择性预防和SAMHSA的信息传播,基于社区的流程和积极的替代方案相关的组件.
结论:
- 这些发现突显了当前预防自杀策略中的差距.
- 退伍军人计划作为一个全面性的基准.
- 组织和政策制定者可以利用这种分析来加强自杀预防计划的设计和实施.
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