营养遗传学和微生物群在个性化医学中的重要性:从表型到基因型
Gulsen Meral1,2, Elif S Aslan1, Verda Tunaligil3
1Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni University, Istanbul, TUR.
Cureus
|May 29, 2024
概括
这项研究整合了遗传和微生物群数据,以个性化健康干预措施. 根据个体遗传学量身定制营养和生活方式,有望改善复杂疾病的临床结果.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学 遗传学和基因组学
- 个性化医疗是个性化的医疗.
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 人类基因组项目推进了对遗传变异对健康影响的理解.
- 精准医学 (4P:预测性,预防性,个性化,参与性) 通过考虑表型,基因型和环境因素来关注个体健康风险.
- 这种方法与"适合所有人"的医疗保健策略形成鲜明对比.
研究的目的:
- 调查基因和微生物群数据的整合,以获得个性化的健康见解.
- 分析与关键营养物质代谢相关的遗传变异及其与特定健康状况的关联.
- 探索遗传因素,微生物群多样性和自闭症,过敏和自身免疫性甲状腺炎等疾病之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用定制的Infinium HTS iSelect微阵列对口腔样本进行基因组分析.
- 在Illumina NextSeq 500平台上进行微生物群元基因组分析.
- 评估24名 (7-57岁) 患者的健康状况,包括基因和微生物群测试.
主要成果:
- 分析了19例具有维生素D,叶酸,B12和胆代谢变异的病例的基因型.
- 包括8名自闭症患者,8名过敏患者和3名自身免疫性甲状腺炎患者.
- 维生素D受体 (VDR) 遗传变异和微生物群多样性 (Firmicutes/Bacteroides比率) 在11名患者 (9名过敏,2名自闭症) 中进行了评估.
结论:
- 整合表型,基因型,营养,生活方式和适合个体遗传学的补充剂可以提高临床成功.
- 将营养遗传学和营养基因组研究转化为临床实践仍然是一个重大挑战.
- 表观遗传学方法需要结合营养遗传学,微生物群和个性化风险评估的分析.
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