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Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides02:23

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

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Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.
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Physical Properties of Ethers02:17

Physical Properties of Ethers

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Overview
An ether molecule has a net dipole moment due to the polarity of C–O bonds. Subsequently, boiling points of ethers are lower than those of alcohols of comparable molecular weight and slightly higher than those of hydrocarbons of comparable molecular weight (Table 1).
Ethers can act as hydrogen bond acceptors, making them more water-soluble than hydrocarbons, but since ethers cannot act as hydrogen bond donors, they are much less soluble in water than alcohols. Ethers are considered...
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Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
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Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

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Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

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In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
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Real-time Breath Analysis by Using Secondary Nanoelectrospray Ionization Coupled to High Resolution Mass Spectrometry
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电子液体中的乙烯酸乙烯:对呼吸测试的影响

Alaina K Holt1,2, Abby M Veeser1, Justin L Poklis3

  • 1Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1015 West Main Street, Room 2015, Richmond, VA 23284, United States.

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电子液体中的乙酸乙烯可以在体内转化为乙醇. 这可能会导致气息测试测试的错误阳性,影响工作场所的安全和监管执法.

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Generation of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol by a Third-Generation Machine-Vaping Device: Application to Toxicological Studies
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科学领域:

  • 法医毒理学 法医毒理学
  • 环境健康 环境健康
  • 化学分析 化学分析

背景情况:

  • 电子烟液体 (e-liquids) 含有各种各样的化学品,用于风味和效果.
  • 乙酸乙烯是一种常见的电子液体成分,对健康和安全有影响.
  • 在活体中乙烯酸乙烯的水解产生乙醇,引发了对生理效应的担忧.

研究的目的:

  • 调查特定电子液体 ("海森堡") 中乙烯酸乙烯的存在和度.
  • 评估电子液体中乙酸乙烯对呼吸乙醇测试的潜在影响.
  • 突出有关电子液体中化学成分的监管漏洞.

主要方法:

  • 对提交给法医毒理学实验室的"海森伯格"电子液样品的分析.
  • 使用实验室方法量化乙酸乙烯度.
  • 对商业上购买的"海森堡"电子液体以乙酸乙烯含量进行评估.

主要成果:

  • 分析的"海森伯格"电子液中含有1488±6毫克/升的乙烯酸乙烯.
  • 购买的"海森伯格"电子液体被证实含有乙烯酸乙烯.
  • 检测到的乙酸乙烯水平可能会导致显著的体内乙醇积累.

结论:

  • 电子液体中乙酸乙烯的存在表明监管监督不足.
  • 乙酸乙烯的吸入/摄入可能会干扰精确的呼吸乙醇测试.
  • 调查结果对工作场所安全政策和毒品测试的解释有影响.