在夏威夷的咖啡 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 的垂直和时间飞行模式
Melissa A Johnson1, Colby T Maeda1, Ishakh Pulakkatu-Thodi1,2
1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA.
Environmental entomology
|May 29, 2024
概括
咖啡果主要在全年低高度 (1米) 飞行. 在下午早些时候准低矮的树枝可以优化对这种有害的咖啡害虫的杀虫剂的应用.
科学领域:
- 农业昆虫学 农业昆虫学
- 虫害管理 虫害管理 虫害管理
- 咖啡生产 咖啡生产
背景情况:
- 咖啡 (Hypothenemus hampei) 是一个主要的全球咖啡害虫.
- 显著的产量和质量损失归因于这种昆虫.
- 了解它的飞行模式对于有效的控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定咖啡的垂直和时间飞行模式.
- 为了将飞行活动与环境因素和水果供应相关联.
- 为了告知优化农药应用时间和向.
主要方法:
- 垂直分布评估使用陷在1m间隔到5m的间隔.
- 在低层,中层和高层的树冠中量化了感染水平.
- 用定时陷监控时间飞行模式.
- 与天气变量 (温度,湿度,风) 的相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 77%-84%的被捕的咖啡采集者是在1米高处被捕获的.
- 在低树冠 (35%) 和高树冠 (17%),水果感染率更高.
- 飞行活动的高峰发生在下午12点至下午4点之间.
- 飞行与温度和风速正相关;与湿度负相关.
结论:
- 农药应用应针对低至中等水平的树枝 (1-2m).
- 最佳的喷时间是下午早些时候,当时害虫最活跃和最容易受到伤害.
- 综合性害虫防治策略可以从这些知识中获益,以精确准.
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