相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 25, 2025

Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis

Important Endpoints and Proliferative Markers to Assess Small Intestinal Injury and Adaptation using a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Mucositis

Published on: May 12, 2019

营养状况指标预测II/III期直肠癌患者接受新辅助化疗或放射治疗的辅助化疗的耐受性

Shinya Abe¹, Hiroaki Nozawa¹, Kazuhito Sasaki¹

¹Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

|May 29, 2024

概括

在直肠癌治疗后停止辅助化疗 (AC) 与较差的无复发生存率 (RFS) 有关. 手术前的低预后营养指数 (PNI) 预测了更短的AC持续时间,影响了局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 患者的结果.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
胃肠道手术胃肠道手术
临床研究临床研究

背景情况:

在手术前化学放射治疗 (CRT) 和局部晚期直肠癌 (LARC) 手术后,辅助化疗 (AC) 是标准的.
识别AC停药的因素对于改善患者存活率至关重要.
这项研究调查了化疗服药和手术前预后营养指数 (PNI) 对LARC结果的影响.

研究的目的:

为了检查化学疗法遵守LARC患者的预后意义.
探索手术前预后营养指数 (PNI) 和辅助化疗 (AC) 持续时间之间的关系.
为了确定与LARC患者中断AC相关的风险因素.

主要方法:

对接受手术前CRT的335名LARC患者 (2003-2022) 的回顾性审查.
排除在AC期间复发的患者或未接受AC的患者.
分析了AC,长期结果和PNI值与AC持续时间之间的关系.

主要成果:

停用AC与明显较短的无复发生存期 (RFS) 相关 (p = 0.0056).
停用AC独立预测较差的RFS (HR:2.24,p = 0.0233). 停用AC独立预测较差的RFS (HR:2.24,p = 0.0233). 停用AC独立预测较差的RFS (HR:2.24,p = 0.0233). 停用AC独立预测较差的RFS (HR:2.24,p = 0.0233).
低PNI (<40) 与年龄较大,BMI较低和AC不完整相关,并且是AC持续时间较短的独立风险因素 (HR:2.53,p = 0.0123).

结论:

停止AC治疗与LARC患者治疗手术前CRT的更糟糕的RFS有关.
低的手术前PNI是减少AC持续时间的重要风险因素.
这些发现强调了化学疗法遵守和营养状况在LARC管理中的重要性.

关键词:

结肠直肠癌是一种癌症.结果结果的结果.手术后的化疗疗法渐进的营养指数.

更多相关视频

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

Published on: September 27, 2024

Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Detection of a Circulating MicroRNA Custom Panel in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Published on: March 14, 2019

相关概念视频

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy. SP binds and activates...

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT₃ Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...