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相关概念视频

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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患有ADHD和DCD同时出现的儿童在运动表现上是否有所不同?

Juliana Barbosa Goulardins1, Roseane Oliveira Nascimento2, Erasmo Barbante Casella3

  • 1Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Púbica, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Journal of motor behavior
|May 29, 2024
PubMed
概括

与单独患有ADHD的儿童相比,患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 和同时出现的发育协调障碍 (DCD) 的儿童表现出较差的运动技能,特别是在精细运动任务和平衡方面.

关键词:
注意力缺陷多动障碍注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童发展儿童的发展.发展协调障碍 发展协调障碍发动机的性能 发动机的性能

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科学领域:

  • 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 发动机控制器的控制器

背景情况:

  • 注意缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 涉及注意力不足,多动性和冲动性.
  • 发育协调障碍 (DCD) 的特点是运动技能获取和执行方面的困难.
  • 了解ADHD和同时出现的DCD的运动差异对于有针对性的干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了区分患有ADHD的儿童和患有并发性ADHD和DCD的儿童之间的运动症状.
  • 研究DCD对被诊断患有ADHD的儿童运动表现的影响.
  • 评估这些儿科组中运动发育延迟的流行程度.

主要方法:

  • 一项涉及283名小学儿童的横截面研究.
  • 对ADHD的查和27名参与者的鉴定.
  • 使用了斯旺森,诺兰和佩勒姆-IV问卷 (SNAP-IV),儿童运动评估电池 (MABC-2) 和运动发育量表 (MDS).

主要成果:

  • 在ADHD (n=14) 和ADHD/DCD (n=13) 组 (p=0.016) 之间,总体运动年龄的平均值存在显著差异.
  • ADHD/DCD组表现出较差的运动性能,特别是精细运动技能 (p=0.018) 和平衡 (p=0.033).
  • 两组人都有轻度至中度的运动发育延迟风险,这表明ADHD本身与运动问题有关.

结论:

  • 同时出现的DCD显著损害了ADHD儿童的运动性能.
  • 微妙的运动技能和平衡特别受到共患性DCD的影响.
  • ADHD与运动挑战有关,不管是DCD,强调需要全面的运动评估.