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初级医疗保健的挑战:马拉维老年人多病症的见解 - - 定性研究
Duncan Kwaitana1, Maya Jane Bates2, Esnath Msowoya3
1Department of Family Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi. dkwaitana@kuhes.ac.mw.
BMC public health
|May 29, 2024
概括
在马拉维,老年人因临床环境,地理和社会因素而面临着获得初级医疗保健 (PHC) 的重大障碍. 改善医疗保健中心的访问需要基于社区的方法和利益相关者参与老龄化人口.
科学领域:
- 老年学与公共卫生
- 获得医疗保健和公平的机会.
背景情况:
- 全球人口老龄化增加了对渐进性疾病护理的需求.
- 低收入和中等收入国家的初级医疗保健 (PHC) 设置在为老年人提供资源方面扎.
- 马拉维研究探讨了老年人与渐进的多病症和PHC接入的经验.
研究的目的:
- 调查老年人在访问马拉维的PHC服务时遇到的障碍和促进者.
- 在马拉维的PHC背景下,了解具有渐进性多病症的老年人的特定需求.
- 为人口老龄化提供量身定制的医疗保健服务的发展提供信息.
主要方法:
- 与老年人 (≥50岁) 和护理人员进行了60次深入采访,以及与医疗保健工作者进行了12次采访.
- 在马拉维三个行政区 (农村,郊区,城市) 的三个公共医院进行的研究.
- 利用安德森-纽曼理论框架来评估影响PHC访问和利用的因素.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个关键主题:临床环境,地理因素和影响接入的社会/个人因素.
- 临床环境的障碍包括不方便的设置和需要可靠的服务.
- 地理和社会因素包括交通问题,道路状况不佳,局部服务有限,以及使用替代医学.
结论:
- 多个因素对老年人获得和使用PHC服务产生重大影响.
- 针对独特的挑战和偏好提供量身定制的服务对于这一群体至关重要.
- 以社区为基础的方法和多方利益相关者的参与对于加强逐渐多发病的老年人获得医疗保健至关重要.
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