在接种疫苗的儿童和青少年中,COVID-19突破病例中的免疫反应
Daniela Rivera-Pérez1,2, Constanza Méndez1,2, Benjamín Diethelm-Varela1,2
1Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.
Frontiers in immunology
|May 30, 2024
概括
在儿童接种CoronaVac疫苗后的COVID-19感染可以促进对Omicron的抗体的中和,并增加T细胞的反应. 这表明在接种疫苗的儿童群体中,对SARS-CoV-2变体的细胞免疫力得到了保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
背景情况:
- 疫苗对SARS-CoV-2的有效性受到Omicron变种和自然免疫的限制.
- 了解疫苗接种儿童感染后的免疫反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估接种CoronaVac疫苗的儿科患者的免疫反应,他们经历了突破性的SARS-CoV-2感染.
- 评估抗体中和和T细胞激活对野生型和Omicron变体.
主要方法:
- 研究了12名儿童 (3-17岁) 接种了两剂CoronaVac疫苗,他们患有突破性感染.
- 测量了总IgG,中和抗体标位,CD4+/CD8+T细胞激活和细胞因子分泌.
- 用野生型和Omicron变异刺激了外周血液单核细胞.
主要成果:
- 感染后观察到对Omicron (146.5倍) 和野生型SARS-CoV-2 (38.7倍) 中和抗体标位的显著增加.
- 针对各种SARS-CoV-2蛋白质的IgG水平增加和针对BA.2亚变体的CD4+T细胞激活增强.
- 在一些受试者身上观察到IL-2和IFN-γ细胞因子的分泌量下降的趋势.
结论:
- 在接种疫苗的儿童中,SARS-CoV-2感染引起了中和抗体和特定IgG反应的增加.
- CD4+ T 细胞激活表明细胞对Omicron亚型的免疫力得到保护.
- Th1型细胞因子分泌显示出感染后的下降趋势.
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