在远跳起飞时,摇摆腿制动是否重要? 基于精英运动员的3D动力学分析
Zhiyong Jin1, Gongju Liu2, Houwei Zhu3
1Harbin Sport University, Haerbin, China.
Heliyon
|May 30, 2024
概括
精英长跃者通过延迟摇摆腿制动到足最大曲,从而获得更好的结果. 这种技术增强了支腿的延伸速度,并在关键的起飞阶段改善了平衡.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 竞技表现运动员的表现
背景情况:
- 远跳起飞是一个复杂的行动,需要精确协调多个身体部分.
- 了解摇摆腿和支腿之间的相互作用对于优化跳跃性能至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在起飞期间精英男性长跳摇摆腿的制动机制.
- 为了确定摇摆腿制动,支腿延伸速度和平衡之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在国家比赛期间利用8名精英男子长跳运动员的3D运动分析.
- 使用两个高速摄像头记录起飞技术.
主要成果:
- 发现快速摆动腿部制动可以增加支腿部延伸速度.
- 当摇摆腿制动始于最大支腿脚曲,而不是最大膝盖曲时,就能达到最佳性能.
- 在前进摆动期间,中度的向内摆动腿部运动与更好的平衡维持有显著的相关性 (r = -0.50,P = 0.004).
结论:
- 摇摆腿的延迟快速制动有利于增强支腿的延伸速度.
- 摇摆腿的适度向内移动有助于在起飞期间保持平衡.
- 优化摇摆腿制动时间和运动路径可以提高远跳起飞性能.
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