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弓箭鱼的食成功与直接的竞争水平不同,但不是群体大小
Dagmar der Weduwen1, Nick A R Jones1, Adèle Dubosque1
1Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, United Kingdom.
概括
群体大小没有影响弓箭鱼的狩猎成功或盗寄生. 相反,他们会吃鱼.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 水生生态学 水生生态学
背景情况:
- 群体生活可以增加盗寄生,导致捕食者修改行为以减少竞争.
- 这些行为变化对食表现的影响尚不清楚.
- 弓箭人鱼 (Toxotes spp.) 是一个有趣的鱼类. 由于它们的喷水狩猎策略,它们提供了一个独特的模型,这使得它们容易受到猎物盗窃的威胁.
研究的目的:
- 研究群体大小如何影响弓箭鱼 (Toxotes chatareus) 的射击成功.
- 为了确定群体环境中的行为调整是否会影响食性能和盗寄生率.
主要方法:
- 在不同的群体大小中研究了7点弓箭鱼 (T. chatareus).
- 通过鱼将猎物 () 放入水中来评估射击的成功.
- 基于小组规模,准时间和距离最近邻居的距离,建模射击成功概率.
主要成果:
- 没有发现小组规模,准时间或最近邻居距离对射击成功有显著影响.
- 射击成功在试验中得到了改善,这表明了学习效应.
- 盗寄生病率与群体大小没有差异;猎物消费取决于存在的竞争类型.
结论:
- 射箭鱼的食成功并非直接受到群体规模或与同物种的接近的影响.
- 随着时间的推移,学习和适应任务会提高射击性能.
- 同物种的存在以复杂的方式影响弓箭鱼的行为,超出了对猎物的直接竞争.
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