不平衡的物种脉冲维持了哺乳动物的辐射
Ignacio Quintero1, Nicolas Lartillot2, Hélène Morlon1
1Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 30, 2024
概括
哺乳动物的多样化在白纪-古纪 (K-Pg) 边界之前和期间增加了物种. K-Pg灭绝事件削减了缓慢变异的血统,导致孤立的,快速变异的群体带来了持续的,不平衡的多样化动态.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学
- 古生物学
- 多样化的动态
背景情况:
- 包括哺乳动物在内的主要类型的进化历史显示了多元化动态的变化,但机制仍在争论中.
- 了解这些变化对于重建宏观进化模式至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用新型模型描述哺乳动物多样化速率的变化.
- 调查白时代-古世 (K-Pg) 大规模灭绝事件对哺乳动物多样化的影响.
主要方法:
- 结合了全方位的家族遗传数据和化石信息.
- 开发并应用了一种新的"出生死亡扩散"模型来分析多样化率.
- 在哺乳动物进化历史上特征的物种化和灭绝率的变化.
主要成果:
- 哺乳动物的多样化表现出早期上升和持续的模式.
- 在K-Pg边界之前和期间,物种发生率有所增加.
- K-Pg事件除了分化速度较慢的谱系,随后的分化率下降,而不是反弹.
- 多样化是由不平衡的物种化过程驱动的,孤立的血统产生了大量的,不太倾向于物种化的后代.
结论:
- 哺乳动物的多样化动态的特点是持续的,不平衡的物种化,而不是间断的创新.
- K-Pg 灭绝事件通过删除较慢的物种分类系在形成后来的多样化模式方面发挥了重要作用.
- 了解特定的物种发生率是解释宏观进化多样性的关键.
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