ADP-ribosylation,一种多方面的修饰:衰老和与衰老相关的疾病中的功能和机制
Wu Hao1, Zhao Jialong1, Yuan Jiuzhi1
1College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
Ageing research reviews
|May 30, 2024
概括
ADP-ribosylation是一种蛋白质修饰,在衰老和相关疾病中至关重要. 针对这一过程可能为健康的衰老和与年龄相关的疾病提供新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和分子生物学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 衰老是一个复杂的生物过程,与许多疾病有关,包括心血管疾病,中风,神经退行性疾病,癌症和脂质代谢障碍.
- ADP-ribosylation是一种可逆的翻译后修饰,它改变了蛋白质和核酸的结构和功能.
- 新出现的证据强调了ADP-ribosylation及其相关酶在衰老过程和与年龄有关的疾病中的重要作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查ADP-ribosylation相关的蛋白质,包括ADP-ribosyl转移酶,ADP-ribosyl化酶和ADP-ribose结合域.
- 总结关于ADP-ribosylation在主要衰老相关疾病,生物体衰老和细胞衰老的发病和进展中的调节现有知识.
- 探索潜在的机制,并提出未来的研究方向在衰老和与年龄有关的疾病ADP-ribosylation.
主要方法:
- 文献综述和对ADP-ribosylation现有研究的综合.
- 对ADP-ribosylation相关蛋白及其功能进行分析.
- 检查ADP-ribosylation在衰老,细胞衰老和与年龄相关的疾病发病过程中的作用.
主要成果:
- 该综述总结了关键的ADP-ribosylation相关蛋白及其域.
- 它详细介绍了ADP-ribosylation在衰老,衰老和各种与年龄有关的疾病中的调节作用.
- 讨论了将ADP-ribosylation与衰老联系起来的潜在的潜在分子机制.
结论:
- ADP-ribosylation是一个关键的分子网络,与衰老和与年龄相关的疾病有关.
- 准ADP-ribosylation通路为促进健康衰老和治疗与年龄有关的疾病提供了一个有希望的治疗途径.
- 需要进一步的研究,以充分阐明ADP-ribosylation的生物特性及其治疗潜力.
更多相关视频
09:29Isolation of Intermediate Filament Proteins from Multiple Mouse Tissues to Study Aging-associated Post-translational Modifications
Published on: May 18, 2017
8.5K
08:52Measurement of Protein Turnover Rates in Senescent and Non-Dividing Cultured Cells with Metabolic Labeling and Mass Spectrometry
Published on: April 6, 2022
3.5K
相关概念视频
Aging
48
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
48
Mitochondria
12.2K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
12.2K
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
3.7K
ER is the primary site for the maturation and folding of soluble and transmembrane secretory proteins. The calnexin cycle is a specific chaperone system that folds and assesses the confirmation of N-glycosylated proteins before they can exit the ER lumen. The primary players of this quality check pipeline are the lectins, ER-resident chaperones, and a glucosyl transferase enzyme. In case the calnexin system in the lumen fails to salvage a misfolded protein, it is transported to the cytoplasm...
3.7K
RNA Stability
33.5K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
33.5K
Protein Modifications in the RER
5.1K
Modification of secretory and transmembrane proteins entering the rough ER begins in the ER lumen. These modifications aid in protein folding and stabilize the acquired tertiary structure. Protein modifications in the rough ER co-occur at different stages of protein folding.
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal...
Broadly, these modifications can be categorized into four main categories — glycosylation, formation of disulfide bonds, assembly of protein subunits, and specific proteolytic cleavages like removal of signal...
5.1K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
889
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
889
