调和权力下放与卫生融资和公共财政管理:卫生部门的挑战和政策选择
Nirmala Ravishankar1, Inke Mathauer2, Hélène Barroy2
1ThinkWell, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India nravishankar@gmail.com.
BMJ global health
|May 30, 2024
概括
改善卫生融资需要中央和地方政府之间更好的协调. 一致的公共财政管理和有针对性的资金是实现全民健康覆盖的关键.
科学领域:
- 卫生政策和系统研究 卫生政策和系统研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 权力转移和卫生融资改革对于实现全民健康覆盖 (UHC) 至关重要.
- 分权,卫生融资和公共财务管理 (PFM) 之间缺乏一致性,阻碍了UHC的进展.
- 了解这些相互作用对于有效加强卫生系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索七个亚洲和非洲国家的权力转移,卫生融资和PFM之间的关系.
- 确定挑战,并提出改善卫生系统绩效的政策解决方案.
- 分析地方政府如何管理卫生预算和支出.
主要方法:
- 对七个国家的比较案例研究分析:布基纳法索,肯尼亚,莫桑比克,尼日利亚,乌干达,印度尼西亚和菲律宾.
- 审查国家卫生融资政策,预算分配机制和PFM流程.
- 对挑战和政策建议进行定性分析.
主要成果:
- 地方政府严重依赖中央转移,缺乏最低卫生预算拨款.
- 资金池的分散和财政均衡中的挑战.
- 政府间预算规划,协调和能力建设方面的缺陷.
- 中央转移的延迟和复杂的支付程序影响了支出管理.
- 国家以下实体的项目预算和有限的战略采购占主导地位.
结论:
- 有条件的赠款可以加强公共卫生融资.
- 财政均衡和有针对性的补贴可以改善弱势群体的资金获取.
- 调整预算结构,建设能力和加强协调对于有效的预算规划至关重要.
- 数字化信息系统和简化流程可以改善支出管理和监督.
- 转向基于绩效和基于需求的资源配置可以实现战略性采购,以获得更好的健康结果.
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