最佳语音与背景比率,以平衡语音识别与环境声音识别
1Department of Speech and Hearing Science and Center for Cognitive and Brian Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Ear and hearing
|May 31, 2024
概括
正常听力和听力受损的听众可以在一系列语音与背景比率 (SBR) 上同时识别语音和环境声音. 最佳的SBR不同,听力受损的听众需要更窄的范围才能有效识别.
科学领域:
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 精神声学是一种精神声学.
- 语音处理 语音处理
背景情况:
- 在复杂的听觉环境中理解语音对于沟通至关重要.
- 听力障碍会影响分离语音与背景噪音的能力.
- 环境声音提供了重要的背景信息和警报.
研究的目的:
- 确定语音与背景比率 (SBR),以使正常听力 (NH) 和听力受损 (HI) 的听众能够最佳地识别语音和环境声音.
- 研究注意力 (分化与选择性) 对听觉识别任务的影响.
- 评估环境声音对语音识别的掩盖效应.
主要方法:
- 对NH和HI听众进行实验,同时执行语音和环境声音识别 (ESR) 任务.
- 利用心理测量功能来确定性能范围和最佳的SBR.
- 多种多样的注意力条件 (分化与选择性) 来评估它们对识别的影响.
主要成果:
- 在20dB的SBR范围内,NH听众显示出高精度 (>95%) 的SBR,最佳SBR为+12dB.
- HI听众的听力范围明显较小 (1dB),SBR的最佳值为+5dB.
- 环境声音更有效地掩盖了语音,而不是反过来,无论听力状况如何.
结论:
- 一个定义的SBR范围允许同时识别语音和环境声音,但这种范围在HI听众中受到限制.
- 对平衡语音和环境声音识别的最佳SBR在NH和HI听众之间有所不同.
- 这些发现可能会为辅助听力设备的设计提供信息,以提高语音可理解性,同时保持环境声音意识.
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