基于社区的育种计划可以在热带乳牛系统中实现可持续的遗传收益和经济效益
Direba Hunde1,2, Yosef Tadesse2, Million Tadesse1
1Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Holetta Center, Holetta, Ethiopia.
Frontiers in genetics
|May 31, 2024
概括
基因组选择和基因组后代测试显著改善了埃塞俄比亚的乳牛育种计划,提高了牛奶产量和利能力. 与传统方法相比,这些先进的方法提供了优越的遗传收益和经济利益.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
背景情况:
- 乳牛养殖计划对于提高表现,适应性和杂交种群至关重要.
- 埃塞俄比亚的乳制品行业面临着挑战,需要为小型农场提供优化的育种策略.
- 现有的交叉育种实践和未来的研发前景需要评估替代育种计划.
研究的目的:
- 模拟和比较埃塞俄比亚乳牛的五个替代品种计划 (BPs).
- 评估传统与基因组选择方法的遗传收益 (GG) 和经济利能力.
- 推最有效的育种策略,以提高奶牛场的生产力.
主要方法:
- 模拟了五个育种计划:站内后代测试 (SPT),农场后代测试 (FPT),联合SPT/FPT (SFPT),基因组选择 (GS) 和基因组后代测试 (GPT).
- 利用来自埃塞俄比亚各地区143,576头杂交牛的数据以及来自研究中心数据和调查的输入参数.
- 采用ZPLAN+软件来预测牛奶产量,第一次分娩时的年龄,分娩间隔和群体寿命的遗传收益,以及折扣利.
主要成果:
- 基因组选择 (GS) 和基因组后代测试 (GPT) 为牛奶产量 (分别为76.16公斤/年和77.51公斤/年) 带来了最高的遗传收益.
- 基因组系统提高了GG的53%-164%的牛奶产量,将生成间隔缩短了21%,并且与传统BP相比提高了选择精度.
- GS提供了最高的贴现利 (689.79 ETB/年),表现比传统方法优于138%-266%.
结论:
- 基因组选择和基因组后代测试优于埃塞俄比亚乳牛的传统育种计划.
- 由GS和GPT支持的基于社区的杂交为显著的遗传进步提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 这些发现为改善类似热带农业环境中的乳制品生产率提供了路线图.
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