丹麦的无家可归,精神疾病和暴力:基于人口的队列研究
Sandra Feodor Nilsson1, Thomas Munk Laursen2, Lars Højsgaard Andersen3
1Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Copenhagen University Hospital, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Lancet. Public health
|May 31, 2024
概括
无家可归显著增加了暴力犯罪的风险,特别是当与精神疾病结合时. 公共卫生倡议应应对这些风险,以改善弱势群体的结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 无家可归与健康和社会状况不佳有关,包括精神疾病和受害率高.
- 无家可归,精神疾病和暴力犯罪之间的关联仍然不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 检查无家可归,精神疾病和犯下首次暴力犯罪导致定罪的风险之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项基于登记的全国性队列研究,针对1980年至2006年间出生的丹麦居民.
- 将丹麦民事登记系统的数据与无家可归,医疗保健和犯罪记录联系起来.
- 分析了暴力犯罪的发生率和发生率比,并对社会人口统计学因素和精神疾病进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 与普通人群相比,无家可归者因暴力犯罪而被定罪的比例明显高 (男性的IRR为4.8,女性为6.3).
- 对于那些同时出现精神疾病,特别是药物使用障碍的人来说,风险明显增加 (女性的IRR高达40.1).
- 在无家可归后10年的接触中,22.9%的男性和7.7%的女性有暴力的定罪.
结论:
- 经历无家可归是暴力犯罪的重要风险因素.
- 公共卫生和政策干预应专注于预防无家可归,并减轻无家可归人口的不良后果,特别是那些患有精神伴随性疾病的人群.
相关概念视频
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
83
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
83
Deindividuation
26.4K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
26.4K
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
55
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
55
Psychosis: Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
575
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
Researchers have identified genetic factors that increase susceptibility to schizophrenia, underscoring the intricate interplay between genetics and environment in disease development. At the core of schizophrenia's pathophysiology is excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission within...
575
Conduct Disorder
31
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
31
Stress and Mental Health
102
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
102


