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相关概念视频

Random Sampling Method01:09

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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest. Among the various sampling methods used by...
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Random Variables01:09

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A random variable is a single numerical value that indicates the outcome of a procedure. The concept of random variables is fundamental to the probability theory and was introduced by a Russian mathematician, Pafnuty Chebyshev, in the mid-nineteenth century.
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
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The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
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The Wald-Wolfowitz test, also known as the runs test, is a nonparametric statistical test used to assess the randomness of a sequence of two different types of elements (e.g., positive/negative values, successes/failures). It examines whether the order of the elements in a sequence is random or if there is a pattern or trend present. This nonparametric test applies to any ordered data despite the population and sample data distribution, even if a higher sample size is available.
The test works...
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Random Error01:04

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Random or indeterminate errors originate from various uncontrollable variables, such as variations in environmental conditions, instrument imperfections, or the inherent variability of the phenomena being measured. Usually, these errors cannot be predicted, estimated, or characterized because their direction and magnitude often vary in magnitude and direction even during consecutive measurements. As a result, they are difficult to eliminate. However, the aggregate effect of these errors can be...
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Optogenetic Random Mutagenesis Using Histone-miniSOG in C. elegans
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使用LaCoO3中旋转交叉的真随机数生成

Kyung Seok Woo1,2,3, Alan Zhang1, Allison Arabelo4

  • 1Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, USA.

Nature communications
|May 31, 2024
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本研究介绍了一种使用LaCoO3的新型硬件真随机数生成器 (TRNG).

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 凝聚物质物理学 凝聚物质物理学
  • 计算机工程 计算机工程

背景情况:

  • 数字计算机使用伪随机数生成器,它们缺乏真正的随机性.
  • 现有的真正随机数生成器 (TRNG) 通常依赖于难以控制的相位过渡.
  • 需要高效,可靠的基于硬件的TRNG.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种新的,高效的,可控制的硬件真实随机数生成器 (TRNG).
  • 为了利用LaCoO3中的旋转交叉机制来实现随机性.
  • 为了证明基于旋转交叉的TRNG在传统相位过渡方法上的优越性.

主要方法:

  • 在其旋转交叉模式内开发了一种利用LaCoO3中的自振荡的TRNG.
  • 通过电气偏向LaCoO3材料来控制旋转交叉.
  • 采用相场建模来理解随机性产生机制.
  • 通过在memristor横条数组上概率地解决NP-hard最大切割问题来验证TRNG.

主要成果:

  • 基于LaCoO3的TRNG通过了所有标准测试的真实随机性.
  • 与以前的硬件TRNG相比,新的TRNG需要更少的组件.
  • 旋转交叉被证明比传统的相位过渡更有效地产生真正的随机性.
  • 与基于软件的随机性相比,TRNG在最大切割问题上取得了更高的解决质量.

结论:

  • LaCoO3的旋转交叉模式为硬件真正的随机数生成提供了一个强大的和高效的机制.
  • 这种新的TRNG在组件数量,效率和可控性方面具有优势.
  • 在解决复杂的计算问题中展示的应用突显了这种TRNG技术的实际潜力.