相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro

Published on: May 3, 2014

核分裂性RNA分裂驱动在天生的免疫反应期间基因表达的变化

Agnes Karasik¹, Hernan A Lorenzi², Andrew V DePass¹

¹Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

|June 1, 2024

概括

病毒感染激活核糖酶L (RNase L),导致RNA分裂. 这触发了抑制病毒的应激反应,但也限制了基因翻译,揭示了复杂的抗病毒机制.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
病毒学病毒学
细胞应激反应的应激反应

背景情况:

病毒感染激活细胞双链RNA (dsRNA) 传感器.
黎核酶L (RNase L) 是一个由dsRNA激活的内核酶,分裂单链RNA.
RNase L诱导的RNA分裂对基因表达的影响尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

研究RNase L介导的RNA分裂如何影响细胞基因表达和抗病毒反应.
阐明参与细胞对RNase L活性反应的分子途径.
为了比较RNase L与通用内核酶,RNase A.的影响.

主要方法:

在细胞中诱导RNase L活性.
对RNA碎片化和基因表达的分析.
对细胞信号通路的研究 (ZAKα,p38,JNK).
评估应激反应基因的转化调节.
与RNase A治疗进行比较.

主要成果:

由RNase L诱导的RNA分裂通过ZAKα激活了核糖毒性应激反应,可能涉及停滞或碰撞的核糖体.
激活的p38和JNK通路促进了诸如编程细胞死亡之类的抗病毒结果.
发现RNase L活性限制了应激反应基因的转化.
通用内核酶RNase A模仿了RNase L的许多分子表型,表明RNA分裂可以触发抗病毒程序.

结论:

广泛的RNA分裂由RNase L启动一个复杂的抗病毒程序,涉及 рибо毒性应激反应和编程细胞死亡.
RNase L 通过诱导抗病毒反应,同时抑制某些压力基因的转化,发挥双重作用.
RNA裂变,而不是特定的dsRNA传感,可以成为细胞抗病毒防御机制的足够触发因素.

关键词:

CP: 免疫学免疫学科普:分子生物学分子生物学在RNase A中,RNase A是最重要的.在 RNase L 中,扎卡扎卡扎卡结核酶 (endonuclease) 的作用是什么综合应激反应综合应激反应核糖体碰撞碰撞核糖体碰撞

更多相关视频

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Identification of RNA Fragments Resulting from Enzymatic Degradation using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 11, 2022

Using RNA-interference to Investigate the Innate Immune Response in Mouse Macrophages

Using RNA-interference to Investigate the Innate Immune Response in Mouse Macrophages

Published on: November 3, 2014

相关概念视频

Experimental RNAi

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...

RNA Interference

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

Leaky Scanning

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...