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相关概念视频

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder01:29

Theoretical Approaches to Psychological Disorder

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The development of psychological disorders, which are characterized by deviant, maladaptive, and personally distressing behaviors, has been explored through several theoretical approaches.
Biological approach
The biological approach posits that internal, organic factors are the primary causes of such disorders. This perspective emphasizes brain structure and function, genetic predispositions, and neurotransmitter imbalances. For example, schizophrenia has been associated with both genetic...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
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Introduction to Biological Bases of Psychology01:30

Introduction to Biological Bases of Psychology

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Biopsychology serves as a vital bridge connecting the intricate domains of biology and psychology, shedding light on how biological systems influence psychological phenomena. This field scrutinizes the biological substrates of behavior and mental processes, emphasizing the nervous system along with the roles of neurotransmitters, hormones, and genetics. It also incorporates evolutionary perspectives to explain the adaptive nature of mental functions.
The nervous system, the cornerstone of...
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相关实验视频

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Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
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在精神疾病中的多变量大脑行为关联.

S Vieira1,2,3, T A W Bolton4,5, M Schöttner4

  • 1Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. sandra.vieira@kcl.ac.uk.

Translational psychiatry
|June 1, 2024
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

像CCA和PLS这样的双重多变量方法揭示了精神疾病中共同的大脑行为联系. 未来的研究必须解决来自小样本大小和样本内测试的偏差,以获得可靠的脑行为关联映射.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 精神病学是一个精神病学.
  • 数据科学数据科学数据科学

背景情况:

  • 了解大脑与行为之间的关联对于诊断和治疗精神疾病至关重要.
  • 传统的单变量和单个多变量方法在捕捉复杂关系方面存在局限性.
  • 新兴的双重多变量方法,如正规相关性分析 (CCA) 和部分最小平方 (PLS),为同时分析大脑和行为提供了先进的工具.

研究的目的:

  • 为大脑行为关联研究提供双重多变量方法 (CCA和PLS) 的概述.
  • 审查现有的关于精神疾病中这些方法的文献.
  • 从机器学习的角度讨论预测建模中的挑战和偏见.

主要方法:

  • 对使用CCA和PLS用于精神疾病中大脑行为关联的研究进行系统性文献综述.
  • 分析了39项跨注意力缺陷和多动症 (ADHD),自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),主要抑郁症 (MDD),精神病谱系障碍 (PSD) 和跨诊断 (TD) 组的研究.
  • 专注于大脑测量 (形态,连接性,白质完整性) 和行为变量 (症状,认知,身体健康,病史).

主要成果:

  • 大多数研究 (67%) 使用CCA,重点关注大脑形态,静止状态功能连接或分数异构.
  • 诊断中的常见发现包括临床/认知症状与前脑形态/活动以及白质关联纤维之间的联系.
  • 身体健康和临床病史成为显著的,但较少研究的行为预测因素.

结论:

  • 双重多变量方法有效地识别精神疾病中复杂的大脑行为关联.
  • 脑前部区域和白质区域在各种诊断中始终受到影响.
  • 由于样本大小与特征比率低和样本内测试,研究容易产生偏差,因此需要仔细考虑方法和验证.