哺乳期荷尔斯坦牛的行为特征和料效率特征之间的遗传关系
Bárbara M Nascimento1, Ligia Cavani1, Malia J Caputo1
1Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706.
Journal of dairy science
|June 2, 2024
概括
乳牛的反,活动和躺时间等行为特征是遗传的,与料效率有关. 更高效的奶牛花更多的时间躺着,而低效的奶牛反更长时间.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 乳制品生产 乳制品生产
背景情况:
- 奶牛的料效率对于经济可行性和环境可持续性至关重要.
- 剩余料摄入量 (RFI) 是一个常见的测量方法,但不能完全捕捉料效率的变化.
- 行为特征可能会影响料摄入量和能量消耗,影响整体料效率.
研究的目的:
- 为了估计哺乳期荷尔斯坦牛的遗传性和行为特征的重复性.
- 确定行为特征与料效率 (包括剩余料摄入量) 之间的遗传相关性.
- 评估使用基于传感器的行为数据作为料效率指标的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用两组数据集与基于传感器的记录 (加速度计和脚步计) 进行反,躺时间和728只和635只霍尔斯坦牛的活动.
- 分析了行为特征和料效率组件 (DMI,BW变化,牛奶能量,RFI) 的每日和每周记录.
- 采用统计模型,包括固定效应 (队列,哺乳期,牛奶中的几天) 和随机效应 (动物,永久环境).
主要成果:
- 每日行为特征的遗传概率估计为0.19的反/活动和0.37的躺时间.
- 每日数据的可重复性估计在0.56 (活动) 到0.62 (躺时间) 之间,每周数据的值更高.
- 在反/活动和RFI (0.40,0.31) 之间发现了积极的遗传相关性,在躺时间和RFI (-0.27) 之间发现了负相关性.
结论:
- 基于传感器的行为特征在奶牛中是可遗传和可重复的.
- 行为特征与料效率及其组成部分 (包括剩余料摄入量) 有遗传相关性.
- 休息时间,反和活动可以作为识别高率奶牛的有价值指标.
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