具有沟通障碍的老年人及其在医生诊所使用沟通支持:一项全国代表性的研究
Jennifer Y Oshita1, Nancy M Gell2, Nicholas S Reed3
1Center for Bioethics and Humanities, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Disability and rehabilitation
|June 3, 2024
概括
具有沟通障碍 (CD) 的老年人更有可能使用沟通支持人员. 然而,黑人成年人和拥有CD的女性使用这些支器较少,这表明潜在的未满足需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 关于残疾人的研究.
背景情况:
- 具有沟通障碍的老年人 (CDs) 在获得医疗保健方面面临重大障碍.
- 在医疗保健机构中,对于沟通障碍的住宿条件有限.
- 沟通支持人员可以作为这一群体的自我管理策略.
研究的目的:
- 确定是否有独立的沟通障碍与老年人之间的沟通支持人员的使用有关.
- 调查社会经济因素与使用沟通支持人员之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 2015年全国健康与衰老趋势调查 (NHATS) 的横截面分析.
- 包括有功能性听力,表达或认知困难的医疗保险受益者 (n=5954).
- 计算加权流行率和调整流行率 (APR),控制社会人口统计学和健康因素.
主要成果:
- 具有沟通障碍的老年人使用沟通支持人员的比例更高 (APR: 1.41 [CI: 1.271.57]).
- 在持有CD的人中,黑人成年人和女性报告使用率相比较低,分别低于白人成年人和男性.
- 社会经济因素与不同程度的利用率有关.
结论:
- 沟通支持人员代表了具有沟通障碍的老年人可行的自我支持机制.
- 基于种族和性别的利用差异表明,在这个人口群体中,支持需求尚未得到满足.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决这些差异,并确保平等地获得通信支持.
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