自动化家族史显著改善了EHR中的风险预测
Xiayuan Huang1, Ross Kleiman1, David Page2
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United Sates.
电子构建的家族谱 (e-pedigrees) 增强了机器学习模型,用于使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据预测疾病风险. 整合e-pedigrees显著提高了跨多个时间窗口的预测准确性.
科学领域:
- 计算流行病学计算流行病学
- 机器学习在医疗保健中的应用
- 对疾病风险的预测分析.
背景情况:
- 家庭健康史是众所周知的许多疾病的预测因共同的遗传,环境和生活方式.
- 电子健康记录 (EHR) 提供了利用机器学习预测疾病风险的巨大潜力.
- 大多数疾病的预测准确性和家族史数据的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一条机器学习管道,利用电子健康记录数据预测数千种疾病的风险.
- 在疾病风险预测模型中评估电子构造的家族谱系 (e-pedigrees) 的附加值.
- 在不同的时间窗口和机器学习算法中比较预测性能.
主要方法:
- 创建了一个以家族谱系为导向的,高通量机器学习管道.
- 模型被训练来预测1,6个月和24个月的时间窗口的未来疾病风险.
- 使用了后勤回归和XGBoost算法,有和没有e-pedigree功能.
主要成果:
- 没有e-pedigrees的XGBoost模型在1,6和24个月内实现了0.82,0.77和0.71的AUC.
- 整合e-pedigree功能使XGBoost的AUC提高到0.83,0.79和0.74对于各自的时间窗口.
- 此外,E-pedigrees还提高了后勤回归模型的预测准确性.
结论:
- 电子构建的家族血统显著改善了基于机器学习的疾病风险预测.
- 电子血统提供了一种有价值的,自动化的方法,将家庭健康史纳入预测健康模型.
- 这种方法为推进流行病学研究和临床风险评估提供了巨大的潜力.
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