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篮球复杂度对认知能力的急性影响
Alejandro Gutiérrez-Capote1,2, Iker Madinabeitia1,2,3, Francisco Alarcón3
1Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Frontiers in psychology
|June 3, 2024
概括
增加的任务难度会损害体育运动中的抑制力,而有限的练习会使表现恶化. 然而,更大的玩家体验提高了速度和准确性,突出了在训练中需要个性化的认知需求的需要.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
背景情况:
- 执行功能,特别是抑制功能,对于团队运动中的决策和行为调节至关重要.
- 关于个体球员特征,如经验和运动技能,如何影响抑制的研究有限.
- 本研究研究了积累的实践经验在不同任务难度下对抑制的调节作用.
研究的目的:
- 检查任务难度和练习条件对运动员抑制控制的影响.
- 为了确定积累的实践经验是否会影响抑制性能.
- 了解体育背景下认知负载,体验和表现之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 44名大学生参加了两次篮球练习:标准规则和限制规则 (运动,时间,空间限制).
- 用Flanker和Go-Nogo任务来评估认知表现,以测量抑制.
- 功能性困难通过配对具有相似技能水平的参与者来控制.
主要成果:
- 任务复杂性增加导致认知表现较差,特别是抑制减少.
- 与"常规实践" (p < 0.001) 相比",限制实践"导致的表现显著更慢,更不准确.
- 积累的经验与更快,更准确地执行认知任务有积极的相关性 (p < 0.001).
结论:
- 体育运动中的认知表现受到任务复杂性和运动员可用的认知资源的严重影响.
- 调整认知任务要求以适应运动员个人的能力和能力,以实现最佳发展,至关重要.
- 了解体验对抑制的影响可以为更有效的体育训练策略提供信息.
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