性别和年龄显著调节2型糖尿病中心血管疾病的呈现:一项基于人口的大型队列研究
Amanda Jiménez1,2,3, Bogdan Vlacho4,5, Manel Mata-Cases4,5
1Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Frontiers in endocrinology
|June 3, 2024
概括
患有2型糖尿病 (T2D) 的人因性别和年龄而有不同的心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险和事件类型. 冠心病 (CHD) 在年轻人中很常见,而心力衰竭 (HF) 在老年女性和男性中更为普遍.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 2型糖尿病 (T2D) 是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的重要危险因素.
- 了解T2D人群中初始心血管疾病事件的发生率和亚型对于风险分层和管理至关重要.
- 以前的研究可能无法完全捕捉T2D队列内心血管疾病呈现的年龄和性别特异性变化.
研究的目的:
- 在T2D患者中确定和比较第一个心血管事件及其亚型 (冠心病,脑血管疾病,心力衰竭,外周动脉疾病) 的发生率.
- 在地中海人口中根据年龄和性别分析这些发病率.
- 为临床实践考虑提供流行病学数据.
主要方法:
- 一项基于人口的队列研究,使用来自西班牙加泰罗尼亚SIDIAP数据库的链接电子健康记录.
- 包括247,751名30-89岁的2型糖尿病患者,没有先前的心血管疾病.
- 随访时间平均为6.99年,以确定任何心血管疾病事件的首次发生.
主要成果:
- 在随访期间,第一个心血管疾病事件的累积发病率为23.4%.
- 与女性相比,男性的心血管疾病,冠心病 (CHD),脑血管疾病和外周动脉疾病 (PAD) 的总体风险较高.
- 与男性相比,女性心力衰竭 (HF) 的风险较低,HF是女性中最常见的心血管疾病 (40.1%),而CHD和PAD在男性中最常见.
结论:
- 在T2D患者中,初始心血管表现的风险和具体类型因性别和年龄而异.
- 冠心病在年轻人中占主导地位,而心力衰竭在老年人群中变得更常见,特别是在65岁以上的女性和75岁以上的男性中.
- 这些特定于年龄和性别的流行病学发现强调了对T2D患者量身定制的临床管理策略的需要.
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