两个结构不同的菌体脂性微生物关联分子模式诱导独特的植物免疫反应
Mohammad Shahjahan Monjil1,2, Hiroaki Kato3, Satomi Ota1
1Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan.
Plant physiology
|June 3, 2024
概括
科学家在Phytophthora infestans中确定了新的微生物相关分子模式 (MAMPs),包括胺和二甲基甘油. 这些MAMP触发了植物防御反应,如活性氧物种和植物素生产,这对于植物对病原体的生存至关重要.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 分子植物-微生物相互作用
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 植物拥有对病原体的复杂防御机制,依赖于对非自我分子的识别.
- 微生物相关的分子模式 (MAMPs) 是植物免疫的关键诱导因素,但oomycete MAMPs比细菌或真菌的理解要少.
- 晚期病原体Phytophthora infestans对土豆作物构成重大威胁.
研究的目的:
- 来识别来自菌体Phytophthora infestans的新型MAMP.
- 描述这些在土豆 (Solanum tuberosum) 中被识别的MAMP诱导的植物防御反应.
- 阐明负责防御诱导的特定分子结构,并探索MAMP信号通路之间的交叉交谈.
主要方法:
- 利用土豆中的活性氧物种 (ROS) 和植物产量作为生物试验来检测诱导活性.
- 从P. infestans中分离和特征化胺和二甲糖醇.
- 通过化学分析确定了这些诱导体内的基本分子模式,并测试了它们对Arabidopsis thaliana基因表达的影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了两种不同类型的P. infestans诱导物:诱导ROS产生的胺 (Pi-Cers) 和诱导植物素的含有乙酸 (EPA) 的二甲糖醇 (Pi-DAG).
- 在陶酸中定位的9-甲基-4,8-斯芬加氨酸 (9Me-Spd) 和在二甲基甘油中作为关键的微生物相关分子模式的5,8,11,14-四烯型脂肪酸 (5,8,11,14-TEFA).
- 证明用Pi-Cer D和EPA治疗的阿拉比多普西斯表现出部分重叠但截然不同的基因表达模式,其中一些基因被联合治疗独特地调高.
结论:
- 发现了含有MAMP,9Me-Spd和EPA的新型菌体TEFA,被植物识别并对触发防御至关重要.
- 这些发现扩大了已知MAMP的范围,并突出了它们在菌体中的结构多样性.
- 植物整合来自同时感知MAMP的信号,以微调它们对P. infestans等病原体的防御策略.
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