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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
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转录组中的权衡的标志是平衡压力和生长功能

Christopher Dalldorf1, Kevin Rychel1, Richard Szubin1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA.

mSystems
|June 3, 2024
PubMed
概括

细菌生长涉及到平衡资源分配,称为恐惧与贪 (f/g) 权衡. 这项研究表明,RNA聚合酶 (RNAP) 突变显著改变了这种权衡,影响了各种条件下的生长和应激反应.

关键词:
埃舍里希亚大肠杆菌 (Escherichia coli) 是一个大肠杆菌.核糖体是核糖体中的一个.西格玛因子 (Sigma Factor) 是一个因子.转录规则 转录规则 转录规则

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相关概念视频

Transcription01:10

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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