听觉受体在功能上是男性或女性:从老鼠到子到人
Harrison Stratton1, Grace Lee1, Mahdi Dolatyari1
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
Brain : a journal of neurology
|June 3, 2024
概括
疼痛机制在性别之间有所不同. 益生菌使雌性 nociceptors敏感,而素使雄性 nociceptors敏感,揭示了人类和动物的性别特异性疼痛途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 疼痛研究 疼痛研究
- 生物学中的性别差异
背景情况:
- 疼痛感知和患病率往往在性别之间表现出显著的差异.
- 了解性别特定疼痛的潜在机制对于有效治疗至关重要.
- 外周 nociceptor 敏感化是疼痛条件的关键因素,但其性二态性研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查外围感受器敏感化是否表现出性二态.
- 为了确定参与性取决于性别的感受器敏感化的特定分子通路.
- 探索这些发现对人类疼痛条件和精准医学的翻译相关性.
主要方法:
- 补丁电生理学被用来评估背部根结节 (DRG) 神经元的刺激性.
- 从雄性和雌性动物,非人类灵长类动物 () 和人类捐赠者中分离出神经元.
- 神经元暴露于敏感剂,包括益生菌和素B,通过免疫组织化学分析受体表达.
主要成果:
- 益生菌选择性地使雌性小鼠,和人类的DRG神经元敏感,但不是雄性.
- 氨酸B选择性地使雄性小鼠,和人类的DRG神经元敏感,但不是雌性.
- 在女性DRG神经元中观察到益生菌受体表达的增加,而在男性中,素受体2表达的增加更高.
结论:
- 这项研究表明,在 nociceptor 敏感化中存在一种功能性二态,这种功能性二态在包括人类在内的所有物种中都存在.
- 益生素和素通路代表性别特异的机制,有助于疼痛感知.
- 研究结果支持开发性别特异性疼痛疗法,并强调在临床试验设计中考虑性别的重要性.
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