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青春期前期是前额膜蛋白内部神经元活动影响成人的认知灵活性的一个敏感时期
Gabriella M Sahyoun1, Trang Dao Do2, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzàlez3
1Division of Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Developmental neuroscience
|June 3, 2024
概括
近青春期 (产后14-32天) 是中部前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 发育的关键敏感时期. 在此期间抑制帕瓦胺表达 (PV) 内神经元会损害成年人的认知灵活性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 敏感时期是神经可塑性增强的发育窗口,经历可以诱导大脑电路和行为的持久变化.
- 虽然在感官系统中研究了经典的敏感时期,但像中间前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 这样的关联皮层也表现出发育可塑性.
- 之前的研究表明,在近青春期到青春期操纵mPFC的帕瓦胺表达 (PV) 内神经元活动会影响成年后的认知灵活性.
研究的目的:
- 准确地定义mPFC PV内部神经元活动操纵对前额功能持久影响的敏感期.
- 为了研究在开发过程中mPFC中的可塑性的特定时间.
- 为了比较mPFC中敏感期可塑性的时间与视觉皮层的时间.
主要方法:
- 使用化学遗传方法在两个不同的发育窗口中抑制mPFC PV内部神经元活动:近青春期 (产后日P14-P32) 和早期青春期 (P33-P50).
- 评估成年人的行为 (产后日P90) 专注于认知灵活性,特别是设置转换任务.
- 对分子标记进行了组织学分析,以确定mPFC和视觉皮层中峰值敏感期可塑性的出现和偏移.
主要成果:
- 在近青春期窗口 (P14-P32) 期间抑制mPFC PV内部神经元,导致成年期设置转移行为的显著损害.
- 在青春期早期的抑制 (P33-P50) 并没有导致持久的行为缺陷.
- 组织学标记表明敏感期可塑性在mPFC的P14开始,在P35左右偏移,在视觉皮层观察到类似的时间过程.
结论:
- 周青春期 (P14-P32) 代表了mPFC中敏感期可塑性升高的关键窗口.
- 这些发现挑战了敏感时期的等级模型,表明在前额叶和视觉皮层等不同大脑区域的时间相似.
- 这项研究完善了我们对发育中的中部前额叶皮质敏感期可塑性的时间和性质的理解.
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