增加弱势群体接种疫苗的干预措施:对审查的快速概述
Gill Norman1,2,3, Maartje Kletter4, Jo Dumville4
1NIHR Innovation Observatory, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. gill.norman@newcastle.ac.uk.
家庭访问和提供者推广等干预措施有效地提高了弱势群体的疫苗接种率. 通过面对面,电话或书面方式的沟通也显示出成功促进疫苗接种.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 弱势群体,包括边缘化和少数群体,疫苗接种率较低.
- 这种差异在与其他疫苗 (如流感疫苗) 相比,在COVID-19疫苗接种中尤为明显.
- 解决这些不平等问题需要针对服务不足的社区进行有效的干预.
研究的目的:
- 评估旨在提高服务不足,少数群体或弱势群体疫苗接种率的干预措施的有效性.
- 综合来自系统审查的证据,评估针对疫苗需求,接种或医疗保健提供者的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 进行了系统性审查的快速审查,包括公布到2022年11月的随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 搜索了四个数据库,寻找在弱势群体中增加疫苗接种的干预措施,以疫苗接种为主要结果.
- 根据强度 (高,中,低) 和目标 (需求,访问,提供者) 分类干预,使用叙事合成.
主要成果:
- 包括23个系统审查,涵盖高收入和低收入/中等收入国家的各种脆弱群体.
- 有效的干预措施包括高强度的家庭访问和提供者推广,中等强度的电话和低强度的书面/文本提醒.
- 沟通策略 (面对面,电话,书面) 和针对提供者的干预措施证明了有效性.
结论:
- 有相当多的证据支持基于沟通和以提供者为中心的干预措施来增加疫苗接种.
- 家庭访问对增加访问的信心最高,尽管对其他以访问为重点的干预措施的证据有限.
- 没有发现COVID-19疫苗接种干预措施的证据,这突显了鉴于结果不平等加剧的关键差距.
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