在儿科注意力缺陷多动障碍中,有或没有共存的对立挑性障碍的热和冷执行功能
Nasim Kamalahmadi1,2, Fatemeh Moharrari1, Atefeh Soltanifar1
1Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
概括
患有ADHD的儿童在热和冷的执行功能中都表现出缺陷,无论对立挑性障碍如何. 认知康复可能有利于ADHD患者.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 包含热 (情绪) 和冷 (认知) 过程,对于目标导向行为至关重要.
- EF赤字与注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 中的社会障碍有关,但这些赤字的程度仍在争论中.
- 这项研究调查了在没有药物治疗的儿童中EF的ADHD,有或没有反对性挑战性障碍 (ODD).
研究的目的:
- 评估和比较ADHD儿童的热和冷执行功能.
- 检查并发性对立挑战性障碍 (ODD) 对ADHD执行功能的影响.
- 为ADHD治疗中潜在的认知康复干预提供见解.
主要方法:
- 45名7-12岁儿童的横截面研究,分为具有ODD的ADHD,没有ODD的ADHD和典型发达 (TD) 组 (每组n=15).
- 使用儿童症状目录-4 (CSI-4) 选的行为和情绪症状.
- 感冒EF通过韦克斯勒成人智力尺度修订数位跨度任务 (WAIS-R-DST) 和科西块任务 (CBT) 进行评估. 使用延迟折扣任务 (DDT) 和爱荷华州博任务 (IGT) 评估热EF.
主要成果:
- 与TD儿童相比,患有ADHD的儿童在冷执行功能 (WAIS-R-DST,CBT) 中的得分明显较低.
- 通过DDT和IGT评估的热执行功能在ADHD和TD的儿童中也显著受损.
- 并发性ODD对ADHD观察到的执行功能缺陷没有显著影响.
结论:
- 在被诊断患有多动症的儿童中,热和冷的执行功能都明显受损.
- 伴随性ODD的存在似乎并没有显著改变这些执行功能缺陷.
- 认知康复干预措施被推作为ADHD儿童治疗的重要组成部分.
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