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The first successfully cloned mammal was Dolly, a sheep, born on 5th July 1996 at Roslin Institute, Scotland. The cloned sheep was named after the American singer Dolly Parton. Dolly lived for seven years and died of respiratory complications, which is speculated to be due to the actual age of her DNA. Because the DNA in cloned cells belongs to an older individual,  the cloned individual’s life expectancy may be affected. Indeed, analysis of Dolly’s DNA revealed shorter telomeres than other...

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布福德综合体重新定义:羊皮的病态形态学

Jasmine A Scott1, Jerry R Dwek2, Karen Y Cheng3

  • 1Naval Medical Center San Diego, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, San Diego, California, USA.

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以前被认为是正常变异的Buford复合体,在11岁以下的儿童中没有发现. 这表明它可能是一个发育发现,可能表明潜在的肩膀不稳定性.

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巴福德综合体是一个复杂的建筑群.孩子们的孩子们的孩子们的孩子们总的来说,这是一个非常普遍的情况.眼睛的角膜是拉布鲁姆的影像成像技术 影像成像技术磁共振是一种磁共振.儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学肩膀肩膀,肩膀肩膀,这是一个很大的问题.亚腹腔外孔是一个亚腹腔孔.

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科学领域:

  • 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
  • 儿科成像学 儿科成像学
  • 人体解剖学 解剖学 解剖学

背景情况:

  • 布福德综合体是一种前高级拉布拉变体.
  • 它被认为是一种正常的解剖变异.
  • 它的患病率和儿童的特征仍然没有研究.

研究的目的:

  • 为了调查布福德综合体在儿童中的存在和患病率.
  • 为了比较儿童和成年人群中的Buford复合体和亚脑外门的发病率.
  • 为了确定这些变异是先天性还是发育性.

主要方法:

  • 一项横截面研究分析了122名儿童 (年龄≤11岁) 在13年的MRI扫描.
  • 评估了interrater可靠性,以识别anterosuperior labral变体.
  • 观察到的布福德复合体和亚脑外门的发病率与使用二项概率测试公布的成人发病率进行了比较.

主要成果:

  • 鉴定超级体变异的测量器间可靠性很高 (0.846).
  • 在儿童中,只发现1个下腹腔孔,明显低于预期的23个 (P < .001).
  • 在儿科队列中没有发现布福德综合体,明显低于预期的8个 (P < .001).

结论:

  • 儿童缺乏布福德综合体和降低子腹外门,表明它们是发育性的,而不是先天性的.
  • 这些发现挑战了将布福德综合体和亚脑外门类人群作为正常变异的分类.
  • 布福德综合体的存在可能表明潜在的长期肩部不稳定性需要进一步评估.