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Chemical Synapses

Chemical Synapses

Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...

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Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient

Published on: September 3, 2014

解码半氨酸串蛋白的转录基因签名,以α介导的突触维护为媒介.

Na Wang^1,2, Biqing Zhu^3,4, Mary Alice Allnutt^1,2,5

¹Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|June 4, 2024

概括

突触维护对大脑功能和神经保护至关重要. 这项研究揭示了氨酸串蛋白α (CSPα) 缺乏如何影响基因表达和细胞通信,为神经退行性疾病机制提供了洞察力.

关键词:

神经素1神经原蛋白1 自吸菌体自吸菌体自吸菌体陪伴者是一个陪伴者.发生突触损失.

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Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Published on: September 17, 2011

Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and “Neuron Ball” Culture

Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and “Neuron Ball” Culture

Published on: August 2, 2019

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient

Preparation of Synaptic Plasma Membrane and Postsynaptic Density Proteins Using a Discontinuous Sucrose Gradient

Published on: September 3, 2014

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Preparation of Synaptoneurosomes from Mouse Cortex using a Discontinuous Percoll-Sucrose Density Gradient

Published on: September 17, 2011

Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and “Neuron Ball” Culture

Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and “Neuron Ball” Culture

Published on: August 2, 2019

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
分子生物学分子生物学
遗传学遗传学是一种遗传学.

背景情况:

突触维护对神经电路功能至关重要,在神经退行性疾病中受损.
囊链蛋白α (CSPα),是突触囊泡的陪伴者,对突触维持至关重要,并与神经退行有关.
在体内突触维护机制的理解,特别是转录性变化,仍然有限.

研究的目的:

为了研究与突触维护受损相关的大脑的转录性改变.
阐明神经元和质细胞在应对CSPα缺乏症时的作用.
确定突触维护和神经退行的基础分子机制.

主要方法:

单核RNA测序 (snRNA-seq) 在年轻的CSPα淘汰赛 (KO) 小鼠和对照小鼠的皮质上进行.
进行了差异基因表达和基因本体学分析,以确定转录签名.
电子显微镜被用来可视化突触和自细胞.
细胞与细胞相互作用分析被用来推断通信模式.

主要成果:

CSPα KO大脑在神经元和质细胞中显示出明显的转录特征.
神经元表现出突触通路的抑制和与自相关的基因的上调.
电子显微镜证实了突触的变化和自细胞的增加,特别是在抑制突触.
微细胞表现出激活的迹象,神经元-细胞相互作用,由像Neurexin1-Neuroligin 1这样的突触性粘附分子介导,增加了.

结论:

缺少CSPα会导致神经元和质细胞的显著转录变化,影响突触通路和自.
在CSPα KO小鼠中观察到增强的神经元-质沟通,可能是补偿机制.
这项研究提供了关于转录变化的全面数据集,并揭示了突触维护和神经退行症的分子基础.