案例报告:由于Acinetobacter baumannii导致的雷云岛严重的社区感染肺炎
Giacomo Rotini1, Axel de Mangou1, Agathe Combe1
1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Felix Guyon University Hospital, Saint-Denis, France.
概括
由Acinetobacter baumannii (CAP-Ab) 引起的严重社区性肺炎存在高死亡风险,特别是在热带地区. 早期识别和适当的针对Ab的抗生素治疗对于患者的生存至关重要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 菌 (Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab)) 是一种重要的医院病原体,在热带地区越来越多地被认为是社区获得性肺炎 (CAP) 的原因.
- 对于CAP-Ab,全球流行病学数据有限,在法国没有报道过此前的研究.
研究的目的:
- 描述在里昂尼岛由Acinetobacter baumannii (CAP-Ab) 引起的社区获得性肺炎的严重病例的临床特征,结果和抗生素敏感性.
- 要强调需要及时诊断和适当的初始抗生素管理严重的CAP-Ab.
主要方法:
- 对于在2014年10月至2022年10月期间入院于里昂大学医院重症监护病房的严重CAP-Ab病例,进行了回顾性图表审查.
- 收集的数据包括患者人口统计,临床表现,疾病严重程度,治疗和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 确定了8例严重的CAP-Ab病例,患者的中位数年龄为56.5岁,男性与女性的比例为3:1.
- 大多数病例 (75%) 发生在雨季,与慢性饮酒 (75%) 和吸烟 (87.5%) 相关.
- 所有患者都出现了败血性休克和严重急性呼吸困扰综合征;87.5%患有心脏性休克,75%需要置换治疗. 死亡率高达62.5%,死亡的中位时间为3天. 值得注意的是,所有患者都接受了不适当的初始抗生素治疗.
- 所有Acinetobacter baumannii分离物都对几个关键的抗生素敏感,包括ceftazidime,cefepime,piperacillin-tazobactam,ciprofloxacin,gentamicin和 imipenem.
结论:
- 严重的CAP-Ab的特点是急剧的临床过程和高死亡率,在雨季经常出现在中年男性中,这些男性患有吸烟和饮酒等重大并发病症.
- 这些发现强调了考虑Acinetobacter baumannii在热带地区严重CAP的差异诊断中至关重要,特别是在雨季.
- 针对性抗生素治疗的及时施用对于改善严重CAP-Ab患者的结果至关重要,因为最初的抗生素治疗方案在这个队列中经常不合适.
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