生物能源技术对气候变化的影响:与CCUS进行可持续燃料生产的比较后果LCA
Andreas Krogh1, Martin Junginger2, Li Shen2
1Department of Energy, Aalborg University, Pontoppidanstræde 111, 9220 Aalborg Ø, Denmark.
The Science of the total environment
|June 4, 2024
概括
在海事和航空业中可持续地利用生物质可以减少温室气体 (GHG) 排放. 这项研究表明,森林残留生物能源与碳捕获和储存/利用 (CCS/CCU) 提供了显著的温室气体减排,因技术和能源系统集成而有所不同.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 能源政策 能源政策
- 可持续技术 可持续技术
背景情况:
- 可持续生物质对于减少运输部门温室气体 (GHG) 排放至关重要.
- 生物质是一种有限的资源,需要进行战略性分配,以获得最大的经济和环境效益.
- 以前的生命周期评估 (LCA) 往往缺乏以原料为中心的观点,限制了跨不同生物能源系统的比较.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估各种生物能源技术中林业残留物的温室气体减排潜力.
- 用以原料为中心的方法比较生物能源系统,考虑各种产品和副产品.
- 分析碳捕获和储存 (CCS) 与碳捕获和利用 (CCU) 途径之间的影响.
主要方法:
- 对林业残留物利用的后续生命周期评估 (LCA).
- 评估三种生物能源技术:使用CCS/CCU的热电联合,水热液化和气化.
- 场景分析以解决能源系统,燃料替代,可再生能源扩张和供应链的不确定性.
主要成果:
- 所有评估的技术途径都显示了净温室气体排放的节约,从每残留物中减排的CO2eq为-111至-1742公斤.
- 与CCS相比,碳捕获和利用 (CCU) 途径对运营能源系统的依赖性更高.
- 为了实现更低的温室气体排放,CCU在边际电力组合中确定了44公斤CO2eq/kWh的断点.
结论:
- 基于林业残留的生物能源,特别是CCS/CCU,提供了大量的温室气体减排潜力.
- CCU的环境性能对能源系统非常敏感,特别是边际电力组合及其对可再生能源扩张的影响.
- 以原料为中心的LCA方法对于准确的生物能源技术跨系统比较至关重要.
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