在临床实践中自动检测认知障碍
Robyn M Busch1, Olivia Hogue2, Abagail F Postle3
1Department of Neurology and Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. buschr@ccf.org.
Journal of neurology
|June 4, 2024
概括
一个新的计算机化工具,即认知健康简要评估 (BACH),有效地识别了成年人的认知障碍. BACH为认知健康的传统查方法提供了一个实用的,自我管理的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知障碍是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,影响了相当一部分成年人群.
- 目前用于认知障碍的查工具通常是临床医生管理的,耗时的,主要针对痴呆症的老年人,限制了它们的广泛使用.
- 需要可访问,高效和广泛适用的认知查方法.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估一个简短的,自我管理的,计算机化的认知查工具,即认知健康简要评估 (BACH) 的有效性.
- 确定BACH在识别各种成人年龄范围内的认知障碍方面的实用性.
- 将BACH的预测准确性与老年人标准认知评估工具进行比较.
主要方法:
- 18-84岁的912名成年人完成了BACH工具和全面的神经心理电池.
- 使用多变量模型开发了BACH指数得分,用于估计认知障碍的概率.
- 在160名来自记忆诊所的老年人中,BACH的预测准确性与蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 相比较.
主要成果:
- BACH工具在识别认知障碍的个体方面表现出很好的准确性 (c指数 = 0.77).
- 与老年人MoCA相比,BACH在识别认知障碍方面显示出更高的预测准确性 (c指数=0.79对0.67).
- BACH有效地将轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 或痴呆症患者与没有认知障碍的患者区分开来 (c指数=0.86与0.67).
结论:
- 认知健康简要评估 (BACH) 是确定成人认知障碍的可行工具.
- BACH提供了显著的优势,包括自我管理,自动评分,并提供立即的,可解释的结果.
- 该工具在患者群体中的广泛实用性以及其标记抑郁症和睡眠问题等贡献因素的能力提高了其临床价值.
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
120
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
120
01:30Dementia
110
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
110
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
462
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
462
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
92
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
92