在小麦中,自发的染色体不稳定性和组织培养诱导的型变异-Thinopyrum中介外来添加线
Bahaa Abugammie1,2, Ruisi Wang1, Yue Hu1
1Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
Planta
|June 4, 2024
概括
长期储存和小麦外来添加线的组织培养导致显著的染色体不稳定性和染色体损失. 尽管试图保持这些宝贵的作物资源的完整性,但这些遗传变化发生了.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 细胞遗传学 细胞遗传学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
背景情况:
- 小麦改进通常涉及将野生亲属的染色体纳入,以增强特征.
- 保持这些外星人添加线的遗传完整性对于繁殖计划至关重要.
- 长期储存和组织培养是维持生殖质的常见方法.
研究的目的:
- 在长期储存后,评估小麦-Thinopyrum中间外来添加线 (TAI线) 的遗传忠实性.
- 为了研究组织培养对TAI线的染色体稳定性的影响.
- 通过组织培养来探索诱导体质同源交换的潜力.
主要方法:
- 储存了大约30年的TAI线的细胞遗传特征.
- 对TAI线不成熟的胚胎进行了组织培养.
- 对再生植物的数值和结构染色体变异的分析.
主要成果:
- 在12个TAI线中,有8条线因染色体损失而脱离其原始的二元组加法状态.
- 在所有系的再生植物中观察到大量的数值染色体变异 (NCV).
- 结构性染色体变异 (SCVs) 是罕见的,没有观察到涉及异种染色体的SCVs.
结论:
- 长期储存和自我受精可以导致小麦外来添加线路中的核型不稳定性.
- 组织培养会加剧染色体的不稳定性,但在诱导体质同源交换方面效率低下.
- NCVs具有中度的表型效应,突显了需要仔细管理生殖质的需要.
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