加拿大的侵入性肺炎球菌病监测,2021-2022年
Averil Griffith1, Alyssa R Golden1, Brigitte Lefebvre2
1National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB.
概括
侵入性肺炎球菌疾病 (IPD) 病例在2021年下降,但在2022年增加. 越来越多的血清型和多重药物耐药性突显了加拿大对IPD持续监测的需要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 侵袭性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 是加拿大的全国性通报疾病.
- 结合疫苗的使用随着时间的推移改变了Streptococcus pneumoniae血清型的分布.
- 本报告总结了2021-2022年加拿大的IPD人口统计,血清型和抗菌素耐药性.
研究的目的:
- 总结加拿大的IPD孤立的人口统计,血清型和抗菌素耐药性模式.
- 分析IPD发病率和血清型分布的趋势.
- 评估IPD分离物中抗菌素耐药性的流行程度.
主要方法:
- 由国家微生物学实验室 (NML) 和合作实验室进行的IPD分离物的国家监测.
- 使用Quellung反应或全基因组测序 (WGS) 进行的血清型定.
- 通过WGS,微稀释或共享数据确定抗菌素易感性;来自加拿大报告疾病监测系统的发病率.
主要成果:
- 2021年IPD发病率为5.62例/100,000人口,比2018年的峰值有所下降.
- 血清型4,9V和12F显示了增加的趋势 (2018-2022年).
- PCV13血清型的患病率增加 (31.2%-41.5%),而非疫苗类型的患病率减少 (27.3%-21.5%). 多种药物耐药性IPD从6.7%上升至12.6% (2018-2022年).
结论:
- 2021年IPD病例减少,但在2022年恢复到COVID-19前的水平.
- 观察到特定PCV13和非PCV13血清型 (3,4,9V,19F,12F,20) 的流行率增加.
- 持续的IPD监测对于监测血清型分布和抗菌素耐药性至关重要.
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