神经发育障碍特征对社会功能方面的影响
M Tal-Saban1, S Zaguri-Vittenberg1, E Ozeri2
1School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Physical & occupational therapy in pediatrics
|June 5, 2024
概括
神经发育障碍的症状与儿童的社会功能有关. 执行职能是社会技能和参与的关键预测因素,强调其在评估中的重要性.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 社会运作 社会运作
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD) 涵盖了一系列影响运动,感官,注意力和执行功能的疾病.
- 社会功能对于儿童的发展和融入至关重要.
- 了解NDD症状与社会技能之间的关系对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究神经发育障碍 (NDD) 症状与学龄儿童的社会功能之间的关联.
- 确定哪些NDD症状与社会技能和参与最为密切相关.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及39名儿童 (年龄在6-9岁) 的横截面研究涉及发育困难.
- 父母填写的问卷评估了NDD症状 (运动,感觉,多动症,执行功能) 和社会功能 (社交技能,参与).
主要成果:
- 在大多数NDD症状和社会功能方面之间发现了低到中等的相关性.
- 执行职能成为社会技能和参与的主要预测因素.
- 注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 症状也导致了行为问题.
结论:
- 执行职能在患有NDD的儿童的社会能力中起着重要作用.
- 建议在怀疑NDD的儿童中,与社会技能评估一起对执行职能进行全面评估.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
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Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
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01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
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01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
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A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
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01:30Socioemotional Development during Infancy
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Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
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01:28Conduct Disorder
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Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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