在一个大型医疗系统中接受初级保健的患者报告的大麻使用情况
Lillian Gelberg1,2, Dana Beck3, Julia Koerber4
1Department of Family Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
JAMA network open
|June 5, 2024
概括
大麻的使用在初级保健中很常见,许多患者使用它来治疗症状. 这强调了临床医生需要查大麻使用,并评估大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 的风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 主要护理医学 医疗保健
背景情况:
- 关于大麻使用的数据有限,特别是在初级保健机构内使用大麻,尤其是医用大麻.
- 尽管大麻的法律地位和健康影响在不断变化,但很少有卫生系统经常对大麻使用进行查.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定大麻使用在初级保健患者的患病率.
- 为了确定与大麻使用相关的因素.
- 了解初级保健患者使用大麻的原因.
主要方法:
- 使用来自洛杉矶医疗系统的电子健康记录数据进行的横截面研究.
- 包括18岁以上的患者,在2021年1月至2023年5月期间每年进行健康检查.
- 通过酒精物质参与查测试 (ASSIST) 评估大麻使用,收集有关使用原因,症状管理和使用方式的数据.
主要成果:
- 175,734名患者中有17.0%报告使用大麻;34.7%的使用者得分表明大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 风险中等至高.
- 大麻使用在男性和年轻患者中更为普遍,在弱势社区的使用较少.
- 可食用食品,吸烟和蒸发是常见的;75.7%的人使用大麻来治疗症状 (疼痛,压力,睡眠).
结论:
- 大麻使用和CUD风险在初级保健中普遍存在.
- 大多数大麻使用者报告使用它来治疗症状,这表明临床干预的机会很大.
- 将大麻使用评估纳入常规护理可以帮助识别患有CUD风险的患者.
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