参与者和刺激比赛对青年的认知表现的互动影响:来自ABCD研究的见解
Estée Rubien-Thomas1, Yen-Chu Lin2, Ivan Chan1
1Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|June 5, 2024
概括
种族影响儿童的认知表现. 黑人和白人孩子更好地关注同种族的面孔,但只有白人孩子更好地记住他们,显示种族影响注意力和记忆力.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 种族偏见研究 种族偏见研究
背景情况:
- 现有研究表明,种族线索会影响认知任务,特别是注意力和面部识别.
- 研究往往忽视了种族对不同发育样本认知表现的影响.
- 面部刺激在心理学研究中很常见,有时不考虑种族背景.
研究的目的:
- 研究基于种族对儿童注意力,工作记忆和识别记忆的影响.
- 通过使用面部刺激来检查黑人和白人儿童的同种族和其他种族的影响.
- 了解如何种族,即使是无关紧要的,可能会影响年轻人的认知评估.
主要方法:
- 利用了青少年大脑认知发展研究 (ABCD) 的开放访问数据.
- 在9-10岁的黑人和白人儿童 (n=5,659) 中分析了认知表现 (注意力,工作记忆,识别).
- 检查了黑白面部刺激对认知任务的影响.
主要成果:
- 黑人和白人孩子都对同种族的面孔表现出更多的注意力.
- 白人儿童表现出对同种族面孔的识别记忆优势.
- 在黑人儿童中没有观察到这种识别记忆优势.
结论:
- 种族信息可以间接影响儿童的认知表现指标.
- 在种族如何影响注意力和记忆方面存在发育差异.
- 这些发现强调了在多样化的青年人群中解释认知数据时需要考虑种族的必要性.
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