儿童狗咬伤的抗生素预防:感染率和处方做法
Courtney Coyle1,2, Junxin Shi1, Julie C Leonard1,2
1Nationwide Children's Hospital Columbus Ohio USA.
概括
在这项研究中,针对儿科狗咬的抗生素预防并没有降低感染率. 总体感染率为5.2%,接受抗生素和不接受抗生素的儿童之间没有显著差异.
科学领域:
- 儿科急救医学 儿科急救医学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 儿科狗咬伤是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 抗生素预防通常用于预防狗咬后的感染.
- 指导方针建议对高风险咬伤进行预防.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较在接受抗生素预防治疗的儿童和在狗咬后不接受抗生素预防治疗的儿童的感染率.
- 评估抗生素预防在预防儿科狗咬病例感染的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对狗咬伤的儿童 (3个月至17岁) 的回顾性队列研究.
- 排除免疫抑制儿童和需要手术关闭的儿童.
- 分析电子健康记录和索赔数据,以确定抗生素使用和感染发生情况 (ICD-10代码在7天内).
主要成果:
- 分析了672名被狗咬伤的符合条件的儿童;35人患有感染.
- 在接受抗生素预防的儿童中,感染率为5.8% (29/539).
- 在未接受抗生素预防的儿童中,感染率为3.0% (4/133) (p=0.28).
结论:
- 在这个队列中,儿科狗咬伤的整体感染率为5.2%.
- 在接受抗生素预防和未接受抗生素预防的儿童之间,没有观察到感染率的统计学上显著差异.
- 研究结果表明,对于所有儿科狗咬伤病,抗生素预防可能不需要.
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