跳跃间隔训练:一种有效的训练方法,用于提高空气体操运动中的无氧,有氧和跳跃表现
Dong Ma1, Rui Miguel Silva2, Qi Xu1
1Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Journal of sports science & medicine
|June 6, 2024
概括
跳跃间隔训练 (JIT) 和高强度间隔训练 (HIIT) 提高了青少年女性有氧体操运动员的有氧和无氧性能. 除此之外,JIT还比HIIT更能提高垂直跳跃的性能.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 青少年田径运动 青年田径运动
背景情况:
- 有氧体操需要高水平的有氧,无氧和跳跃能力.
- 优化训练方法对于提高运动员表现和预防受伤至关重要.
- 间歇训练模式为开发这些关键的身体属性提供了潜在的好处.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较跳跃间隔训练 (JIT) 和高强度间隔训练 (HIIT) 在青少年女性有氧体操运动员的有氧,无氧和跳跃表现上的有效性.
- 为了确定一个训练模式是否为有氧体操相关的特定性能指标提供优越的好处.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期8周的随机对照试验,对73名年轻女性有氧体操运动员 (年龄为16.2±1.3岁) 进行了随机对照.
- 两组实验组 (JIT,HIIT) 进行了两次额外的每周训练,而对照组保持了他们通常的日常活动.
- 性能评估包括反运动跳跃测试 (CMJ),特定有氧体操无氧测试 (SAGAT),以及干预前后的20米多阶段健身测试 (20m-MSFT).
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,JIT和HIIT都显著改善了有氧和无氧性能,正如SAGAT和20m-MSFT结果所证明的那样.
- 与HIIT和对照组相比,JIT组在垂直跳跃性能 (CMJ) 中表现出明显优异的改善.
- 统计分析显示所有测试的绩效指标 (SAGAT,CMJ,20m-MSFT) 的时间 × 组相互作用显著.
结论:
- 无论是JIT还是HIIT都是有效的训练策略,可以增强年轻女性有氧体操运动员的有氧和无氧能力.
- 对于有氧体操运动员来说,JIT是一种潜在的优势训练方法,因为它在提高垂直跳跃能力方面具有额外的好处.
- 这些发现支持将JIT和HIIT整合到训练计划中,以优化这种运动群体的表现.
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