对抗阿尔茨海默氏症疾病的疾病修饰疗法的开发
1Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan.
Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
|June 6, 2024
概括
开发用于阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的疾病修饰疗法需要早期干预. 阿尔茨海默病神经成像计划 (ADNI) 和J-ADNI研究建立了评估早期阿尔茨海默病治疗的平台.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床研究 临床研究
- 生物标志物开发 生物标志物开发
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 需要在认知能力显著下降之前通过疾病修饰疗法 (DMT) 进行早期干预.
- 美国的AD神经成像计划 (ADNI) 旨在开发DMT用于早期轻度认知障碍 (MCI),使用成像和生物标志物.
- 日本ADNI (J-ADNI) 建立了一个类似的平台,招募了537名患者,并证实了日本和美国之间粉样蛋白阳性MCI的类似临床进展.
研究的目的:
- 建立一个平台,开发有效的DMT用于早期阿尔茨海默病,特别是轻度认知障碍.
- 为了验证美国和日本队列之间的临床进展的可比性,用于预发性AD.
- 利用已建立的队列来加速新型AD治疗药物的临床试验.
主要方法:
- 使用大规模的观测研究,如ADNI和J-ADNI.
- 采用成像技术,如粉样蛋白位子发射断层扫描 (PET).
- 建立像J-TRC这样的"试验准备队伍" (TRC),以有效招募临床试验人员.
主要成果:
- 在日本和美国之间,J-ADNI在粉样蛋白阳性MCI (prodromal AD) 的临床过程中显示出很高的相似性.
- 开发和监管批准的抗粉样β (Aβ) 抗体,如lecanemab和成功的三期试验donanemab验证了有针对性的方法.
- 已建立的平台和队伍已经为未来的DMT开发做好了准备.
结论:
- 针对阿尔茨海默病的早期阶段,包括轻度认知障碍,对于有效的DMT开发至关重要.
- 国际合作和标准化平台 (ADNI,J-ADNI) 促进了可比的研究和开发.
- 最近抗粉样蛋白疗法的成功凸显了这些平台在加速未来AD治疗进步方面的潜力.
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