对兴奋剂的决定性权衡及其与道德态度和健康风险感知的关联:一项混合方法研究
Lambros Lazuras1, Dara Mojtahedi2, Mathew Hillier3
1School of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
Journal of sports sciences
|June 6, 2024
概括
许多混合武术 (MMA) 运动员考虑将道德与体育成功交换,近10%的人愿意冒生命危险. 反兴奋剂教育必须解决决策和健康风险.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 体育运动中的道德.
背景情况:
- 体育运动中的兴奋剂仍然是一个重大问题,特别是在高风险的学科,如混合武术 (MMA).
- 对于有效的反兴奋剂策略来说,了解影响运动员对增强性能的物质决定的心理和伦理因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查MMA运动员在兴奋剂方面做出的决定性权衡.
- 探索这些权衡之间的关系,与兴奋剂有关的健康风险的看法,以及体育中的道德态度.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种混合方法的顺序解释设计,将定量问卷与定性访谈相结合.
- 第一项研究涉及来自16个国家的249名MMA运动员,他们完成了关于兴奋剂相关权衡,健康风险信念和道德态度的在线调查.
- 第二项研究采访了11名英国竞争MMA运动员,以进一步探索涉及道德违规或致命威胁的决策权衡.
主要成果:
- 近10%的MMA运动员表示愿意为了体育成功而牺牲自己的生命,而不考虑道德考虑.
- 在没有生命危险的情况下,31.5%的运动员愿意为了成功而放弃道德.
- 决策性权衡选择与道德态度有显著的关联,包括接受作弊和赢得胜利的重要性.
结论:
- 在MMA中,反兴奋剂倡议应侧重于导致兴奋剂的决策过程,强调道德价值观.
- 教育应该强调兴奋剂对健康的严重不良影响,并挑战为体育成就而采取的不道德行为的规范化.
相关概念视频
01:19Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development
48
Kohlberg's theory of moral development uses the Heinz dilemma — a thought experiment in which a man, Heinz, must decide whether to steal an unaffordable drug to save his dying wife — to illustrate the evolution of moral reasoning. This framework, divided into three levels with two stages, highlights how individuals' understanding of right and wrong becomes increasingly complex.
Pre-Conventional Level
At the pre-conventional level, morality is primarily driven by personal...
Pre-Conventional Level
At the pre-conventional level, morality is primarily driven by personal...
48
01:17Ethical Dilemmas I
873
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
873
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.3K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.3K
03:26Framing Effects
7.4K
Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
7.4K
01:08Obedience
32.9K
According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...
32.9K
01:22Ethics and Bioethics
1.3K
Ethics is a philosophical study of moral actions. Ethics attempts to determine what is valuable for individuals and society. It examines the rational justification of moral judgments and analyzes what is morally just, fair, and right. Bioethics is a sub-discipline of applied ethics that analyzes the philosophical, social, and legal issues in life sciences and medicine. Ethical theories serve as a foundation for decision-making and represent the viewpoints from which people seek direction. They...
1.3K